{
  "title": "Kazakhstan tourism: selected 2024–2025 comparisons",
  "verified_at": "2026-09-05",
  "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "methodology": "Percentage change = (2025 / 2024 - 1) × 100, rounded to one decimal using the published rounded values. Financial values are nominal KZT, not inflation-adjusted. Indicators have different populations and must not be added together.",
  "metrics": [
    {
      "id": "tourism-investment-growth",
      "label": "Tourism investment",
      "unit": "billion KZT, nominal",
      "value_2024": 947.6,
      "value_2025": 1256.9,
      "baseline_type": "official_reported",
      "source_url": "https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/tsm/press/news/details/1193635?lang=ru",
      "source_excerpt_ru": "объем инвестиций в туристскую отрасль увеличился на 32,6% и составил 1 256,9 млрд тенге против 947,6 млрд тенге годом ранее",
      "note": "Capital investment in the tourism sector; not visitor spending or accommodation revenue.",
      "change_pct": 32.6
    },
    {
      "id": "accommodation-revenue-growth",
      "label": "Accommodation revenue",
      "unit": "billion KZT, nominal",
      "value_2024": 299.8,
      "value_2025": 350.6,
      "baseline_type": "derived_from_reported_increase",
      "reported_increase": 50.8,
      "source_url": "https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/tsm/press/news/details/1193635?lang=ru",
      "source_excerpt_ru": "Совокупный доход объектов размещения, включая гостиницы, базы отдыха и гостевые дома, составил 350,6 млрд тенге, увеличившись на 50,8 млрд тенге",
      "note": "2024 baseline is derived: 350.6 - 50.8 = 299.8 billion KZT; it is not a separately reported baseline in this release.",
      "change_pct": 16.9
    },
    {
      "id": "airport-passenger-growth",
      "label": "Airport passengers",
      "unit": "million passenger movements",
      "value_2024": 29.7,
      "value_2025": 31.8,
      "baseline_type": "official_reported",
      "source_url": "https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/transport/press/news/details/1169468?lang=ru",
      "source_excerpt_ru": "По итогам 2025 года аэропорты страны обслужили 31,8 млн пассажиров (в 2024 году – 29,7 млн)",
      "note": "Airport throughput includes domestic and international traffic and repeated journeys. It is not a count of unique tourists.",
      "change_pct": 7.1
    }
  ]
}